Animation is a series of still images linked together as a time sequence which makes the pictures  move.  There are three types of animation; traditional, stop motion and computer generated. Stop motion; animators manipulate and photograph objects one frame at a time. The objects can be almost anything. Some stop motion films use people who hold certain poses for individual frames. Computer generated; animators can also use computer software to create films and models which is faster than the traditional method. Any characters and objects they make; it can either be two-dimensional or three-dimensional but creating each type is different. For 2D computer generated animation the animator creates a series of images with each one slightly different from the last, similar to the traditional method. To create 3D images the person has to make a model of the character or object. All of them can be used to make 2D and 3D images. Another one is  traditional animation which involves drawing every frame of a film by hand, after all the drawings are completed and coloured they can be photographed or scanned into a computer. After they can be combined with sound on film. Some times it requires the creation of 24 drawings per second of the film. Most traditional animated films are produced by large companies.


Beta Movement

Beta movement is an illusion described by Max Wertheimer in 1912 in his  experimental studies. Two or more still images are combined by the brain into motion. This is referred to as the phiphenonmenon, which is different related illusion. The beta phenomenon experiment involves a viewer or audience watching a screen upon which the experimenter projects two image sin succession. The first image depicts a ball on the left side of the frame. However the second image depicts a ball on the right side of the frame. The images can be  shown quickly or each frame may be given a few seconds of viewing time.

Illusion of movement

There is disbelief; animation sometimes requires the people to believe that which is impossible. The frame rates (FPS) has 12 fps animation, 24 fps film and 25 fps television.

The frame rate of movies is the number of images photographed per second and is measured in frames per second (fps). Frame rate describes both the speed of recording and playback.  The 24 fps rate became the standard for sound motion pictures in the 1920s.  All the hand drawn animation is to be played at 24 FPS. Example; if you film a football on a sidewalk at 24 frames per second, the movie will have 24 unique photographs of the position of the ball but if you film it at 100 frames per second; there are nearly four times as many photographs of the football's position during the same time.